Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent
of the main verb. That is, the subject does the action designated by the verb. A
sentence whose agent is marked as grammatical subject is called an active
sentence. In contrast, a sentence in which the subject has the role of patient or theme is named a passive sentence, and
its verb is expressed in passive voice.
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the
subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included
near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that
the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You
can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if
you do not want to mention who is doing the action.
Active and Passive Voice Patterns
Active
Subject + verb +
object
Passive
Subject + be + verb 3 +
by + object + modifier
Auxiliary be (is, are, am, was, were, be,
been, being)
Example:
The cat bit the police.
The police was bitten by the cat
PATTERNS
1. Passive Voice [Simple Present Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + to be + Verb3
Example :
we buy a novel everyday [active]
A novel is bought by us [passive]
2. Passive Voice [Present Continous Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + to be + being + Verb3
Example :
he is drinking a glass of coffee [active]
A glass of coffee is being drunk by him [passive]
3. Passive Voice [Present Perfect Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + have/has + been + Verb3
Example :
I have done our homework [active]
Our homework have been done by me [passive]
4. Passive Voice [Simple Past Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + to be (was – were) + Verb 3
Example :
I swept the door yesterday [active]
The door was swept by me [passive]
5. Passive Voice [Past Continous Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + to be (was – were) + Verb3
Example :
I were typing a letter [active]
A letter was been typed by me [passive]
6. Passie Voice [Past Perfect Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + had + been + Verb3
Example :
He had done his homework [active]
His homework had been done by him [passive]
7. Passie Voice [Simple Future Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + will + be + Verb3
Example :
They will buy a book tomorrow [active]
A book will be bought by them [passive]
8. Passive Voice [Future Continous Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + will be + being + Verb3
Example :
We will be typing a letter [active]
A letter will be being typed by us [passive]
9. Passive Voice [Future Perfect Tense]
-Pattern = Subject + will have + been + Verb3
Example :
He will have done his homework [active]
His homework will have been done by him [passive]
Active and Passive voice with modals. Modals are may, must,
can, could, ought to, should.
Forming Passives With Modals
Affirmative Form Object
+ may, must, can, could, ought to, should + be + verb3
Question Form Must, may, can, should, might + object + be +
verb3 (past participle)
ACTIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES PASSIVE
MODAL AUXILIARIES
Modal+be+past participle
1. Cinta will eat
egg 1. Egg will be eaten by cinta
2. Cinta can eat egg 2. Egg
can be eaten by cinta
3. Cinta should eat egg 3. Egg should be eaten by cinta
4. Cinta ought to eat egg 4. Egg
ought to be eaten by cinta
5. Cinta must eat egg 5. Egg
must be eaten by cinta
6. Cinta may eat egg 6. Egg
may be eaten by cinta
7. Cinta might eat egg 7. Egg
might be eaten by cinta
8. Cinta could eat egg 8. Egg could be eaten by cinta
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS
|
Definition
A transitive verb is a verb that has an object. An
intransitive verb is a verb that does not have an object.
Example
Explanation
Transitive verbs --
need an object after them.
can take direct or indirect objects.
Intransitive verbs --
do not need an object.
can be followed by a complement,
usually
an adjective or adverb.
For example, The food smells good. Subject + Verb + Complement |
Exercise
Active – passive voice
Active: I read a letter.
Passive: A letter is read by me.
Active: I help you.
Passive: You are helped by me.
Active: they like my parents.
Passive: My parents are liked by them.
Active: they like our country.
Passive: Our country is liked by them
Passive: A letter is read by me.
Active: I help you.
Passive: You are helped by me.
Active: they like my parents.
Passive: My parents are liked by them.
Active: they like our country.
Passive: Our country is liked by them
transitive - Intransitive
She gave a cookie to
the child.
They slept in the
street.
I ate the cherries.
My father doesn't
drink coffee.
He always keeps his
money in a wallet.
Answer
1 transitive
2 intransitive
3 transitive
4Transitive
5 transitive
http://www.englishpractice.com/improve/active-passive-voice-tensewise-rules/
http://www.k12reader.com/term/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs/
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